Roller bit



Oct. .5, 1937. H. c. SMITH ET-AL ROLLER BIT v Filed-July 22, 1936Jib-man and :Iokn

' ATTOE/VEK Patented Oct.

ROLLER BIT Herman 0. Smith,

Whittier, and John '1'. Phipps,

Huntington Park, Calif. said'Phipps assignor to said Smith ApplicationJuly 22, 1936, Serial No. 91,830

3 Claims.

4 This invention relates to roller bits, and has for an object the theroller bits are provision ofa device wherein so arranged as to at alltimes maintain the gauge of the hole being bored.

Another object is the provision of a roller bit wherein the rollermembers freely turn and without wobble.

Another object is the provision of a roller bit in a novel manner, tothe end that the roller or.

wherein certain of the cutter elements are so arranged that the thrustthereon is compensated rollers turn without substantial friction ontheir bearings.

invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation,construction, association, and relative\arrang'ement of parts, membersand features, all as depict the accompanying and more particularlypointed out in the claims.

ed in a certain embodiment in drawing, described generally,

In the drawing: Figure l is an. elevation, partly in section, of theimproved roller bit,

Figure 2 is a bottom Figure 3 is a sectional view on Figure 1,

plan view of the roller bit,

Figure 4 is a sectional view on the line 4-4 of Figure 1, and,

Figure 5 is a sectional view on the line 5-5 of Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing, the roller bit is designated as anentirety by the numeral l, and the same includes a body 2 provided witha. pin 3. The body and its pin are formed in two parts, as illustratedat 4 and 5, the two parts being held together after the various rollermembers, to be hereinafter described, sembled, through the medium of inFigure 5. In this connection, members 5 is formed and both body portionsare have been asa bolt 6, shown one of the body with a recessed portionI provided with bores 8' and ,9, which axially align when the two partsare in cooperation with one of said bores ,9 screwthreaded to receivethe threaded portion of the bolt. The head of recess so that th the boltis received within the ere is no external projection characters willapply.

the line 3-3 of trunnion extends beyond the thereof beyond the body.Both body halves are provided with elongated bores l0, ll, l2 and I3,the bores being parallel to the axis of the body and extending throughboth halves of the pin, as shown in Figure 1 by dotted lines and in Fig-5 ure 3 by full lines. When the two halves of the body are cooperating,the pin is received within a collar M, which collar in turn is securedto a drill stem [5, through which stem a liquid may pass to in turn bepassed through the bores l0 10 to l3, inclusive, and adjacent thecutters carried by the body. Each body half is, of course, identical inconstruction, and in Figure 2; the lines it and ll indicate the meetingedges between the two body halves, and wherein it will be observed thateach body half is adapted to carry a cutter roller or disc l3. As eachbody half carries identical type rollers, the same reference The cutterrollers or discs l8 are commonly called side cutters, for the reasonthat said cutter rollers are held at an angle, with the toothed elementsthereof adapted to gauge a hole. It will be observed upon referenoe toFigures 2 and 4 that the rollers are provided with a plurality oftransverse cutter teeth It and with a plurality of teeth 20 having thecutting edges thereof in the plane of the roller and substantially atright anglesto the cutting edges of the teeth Hi. In,

Figure 4, there is first provided" a series of teeth l9, then teeth 20,again followed by teeth l9, and so on. In order to carry rollers of thischaracter, each half of the body is provided with a --leg 2|, one faceof which 22 is angularly related the body. Describing one side of thedevice, the leg 2| lsprovided with a bore 23 substantially at rightangles to the face 22.. Passed through said bore is a trunnion 24. The

face 22 andis provided with a tapered, screw-threaded area 25. Theopposite end of the trunnion is substantially fiush with the peripheryof the body andis preferably welded thereto, as indicated at 26.

Considering the assembly of one of the cutters I8 and viewing Figure 1,each cutter is substantially annular in form. Opposite side faces of thecutter are provided with tapered annular recesses or grooves 21 and 28.A main bearing member 29 is provided with a screw-threaded to the axisoi.

bore 30, and a flange portion 3|, which flange 9 has its innermost faceprovided withan annularly tapered portion 32 facing the facial annulargrooves 21, of the cutter disc. A lock washer 33 has one face thereofprovided with a tapered groove 34, the taper off which faces the groove28 in the cutter disc. The opposite face of said washer is formed with aplurality of spaced apart radially arranged pits 35. The

7 central bore in said lock washer isof a size sumcient to permit it tobe received upon the shank of the main bearing 29, as shown in Figure l,at 36. Adapted for placement between the grooves of the roller disc andthe main bearing are tapered rollers 311 Tapered rollers 38 are also 10placed between the groove of the washer and the cutter disc, andcylindrical rollers 39 interposed between the periphery of the shank ofthe main bearing and the wall bounding the central bore of the cutterdisc. When the main bearing, to-

gether. with the cutter disc and washer have been placed in position ofassemblage, the main bearing may be screw-threaded upon the trunnion,

after which a lock screw, threaded within a bore 40 of the leg 2|, mayhave an end thereof received within one of the pits 35 of the washer.

This construction will hold the cutter disc in a given position andadapted for ready rotation.

' It will be observed further upon reference to Fig-' ure 1, that whatmay be termed the top of the cutterdisc has the teeth elements thereofbeveled so that the hole cut or bored may be gauged as to size, when thetool is in operation. Disposed 90 relative to the trunnion of each halfof the body, are depending legs 4| (see Figure 3). Each leg carries aninwardly extending trunnion 42,

which is provided with a tapered thread 43, the

trunnions in each instance being suitably secured to the respective.legs by welding, or otherwise, as indicated at 44.

Interposed between ends of the. trunnions, as-

suming that the two halves of the body are in cooperation, is a tie andbearing pin 45. One

end of said pin is screw-threaded-at 46; a median zone of said pin isprovided with a smooth area 47 bbunded by spaced-apart annular flanges48 and 49. The zone between the two flanges acts as a bearing area.Adapted to be screw-threaded to the tie pin and the trunnion 42 is abearing 50. Adapted to surround the bearing 50 are what are known ascore cutters 5|.

terposed between the bearing and the bore in the shank of the corecutters. The roller bearings are conveniently held in position byproviding one end of the main bearing with an an- 50 nular flange 53,which fits "within an annular recess 54 of the core cutter, and thevopposite end of the core cutteris provided with an annular flange 55.Between the flanges 53 and 55 are disposed the roller bearings. The endflange 55 53 is provided on its outerface with a plurality ofspaced-apart pits 56, similar' to the type of pits shownat 35. The leg4| is provided with a screw-threadedbore 51 adapted to receive a lookingpin 58, one end of which may be received in one of the bits 56. I

It' will be observed that the endopposite the threaded portion of thetie pin is provided with a peripheral groove 59 and that the mainbearing member, here designated as 60, is provided with a groove 5iadapted to be in complement with the groove 59 when the parts of thedevice are in position of assemblage. The main bearing member isprovided with a transverse threaded bore 62, leading to the grooves 60and 5|, and ball bearings 63 are adapted to be dropped through saidtransverse bore and between the complementary grooves 60 and 6| for thepurpose of locking the tie pin to the bearing, after which a screw 64 isreceived within the bore 62. The character of the core cutters for thisend Rollers 52 are in-.

of the device is the same as before, as is likewise the arrangement ofthe roller bearingsand the lock for the main bearing. Adapted to becarried upon the bearing portion of the tie pin 45 are further corecutters 65 and 66. The core cutters are maintained spaced apart throughthe medium of a washer 61. Roller bearings 68 and 6 9 are interposedbetween the peripheral surface of the bearing portion of the pin .45 andthe inner annular surface of each core cutter. While the core cutterteeth all taper for both sets inwardly, still the character of the teethis somewhat diflerent, in that certain of the teeth are of greatertransverse width than others, as best illustrated in Figure 2. It hasbeen found advantageous, under actual service conditions, to

- vary the width of the teeth.

The assemblage of the core cutters is comparativ' ely simple, andviewing Figure 3, the trunnions 42 are removed, it being assumed, ofcourse, that they have not "been welded to the said legs 4|. The mainbearing 60 is passed over the tie pin until the grooves 59 and GI are incomplementary relationship, this relationship being determined bylooking through the bore 62. 63 are then dropped through thebore 62 andbetween said grooves, thus locking the two members 'together. Therollers 52 are then positioned about the main bearing and held by anysuitable .means, such as a rubber band, while the core cutters arepartially passed thereover, after which the band is removed. The 'centercore cutters, with their bearings, are then placed upon the pin followedby assemblage of the main hearing by screw-threading said main bearingon the threaded end of the pin. The rollers are then placed on theperiphery of the last named main bearing and held in position while thecorecutters are placed in position. It is, of course, understood that thelock-type washers have also been placed in position, after which bothend trunnions may be screw-threaded within the main bearings and thelock washers locked in position by the look-- ing pins. The trunnionsare then welded in place, and the device is ready for use. C

The. operation,. uses and advantages of the invention just describedwill be apparent to those Roller bearings skilled in the art. The conetype of core cutters will readily chip the formation without in anymanner causing a balling of the formation The gauge or side cutters willcut the formation in such a manner that the cutters will not ball up.and the gauge maintained due to the arrange- .ment of the alternatingteeth, which provide teeth at right angles to the axis, and teethsubstantially parallel to the axis of each cutter roller. Furthermore,it is intended that liquid be.

forced through the courses to constantly flush the teeth of the cutters.The angularity pf the gauge or side cutters, and the method of providingbearings therefor, ters. The thrust upwardly against the side outters isdistributed through the roller bearings, to the end that friction due torotation of the gauge or side cutters, is substantially overcome, andthe component forces are balanced in such a manner that thrust upon thecutters does not produce a wobble.

We claim:

1. In a rotary disc bit, a'body provided with a pair of spaced apartlegs, facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pin interposed betweensaid trunnions, a bearing member reduces wear on the side cutaxiallyaligned and end of said pin. a second bearing member eemed to the otherof said trunnions, there being means for locking said second bearingmember to said pin, and cutter members comprising bodies provided withcircumferentialhr' arranged spaced cutter teeth of different diameterrotatably carried upon the said bearings. v

2. In a rotary disc bit, a body provided with a pair of spaced apartlegs, axially aligned and facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pininterposed between said trunnions, a bearing member screw-threaded toone of said trunnions and an end of said pin, a second bearing membersecured to the other of said trunnions, there being means for lockingsaid second bearing member to said pin, cutter members comprising bodiesprovided with eircumferentially arranged spaced cutter teeth ofdiflerent diameter rotatably carried upon the said bearings, and furthercutter members interposed between the aforesaid cutter members rotatablycarried by said pin.

3. In a rotary disc bit, a body provided with a pair of spaced apartlegs, axially aligned and facing trunnions carried by said legs, a pininterposed between said trunnions, a bearing member screw-threaded toone of said trunnions and an end of said pin, a second bearing membersecured to the other of said trunnions, there being means for lockingsaid second bearing member to said pin, cutter members comprising bodiesprovided with circumferentially arranged spaced cutter teeth ofdifferent diameter rotatably carried upon the said bearings, furthercutter members interposed between the aforesaid cutter members rotatablycarried by said pin, and means for locking all said cutter members andbearings in position of assemblage to said body.

JOHN T. PHIPPS. HERMAN C. SMITH.

